MOTIFS OF ORIENTALISN IN DECORATION OF FINE CERAMIC ART OF ENGLAND IN THE SECOND HALF OF XVIII - FIRST HALF of XIX CENTURIES

Abstract

The article provides the specifics of the use of Middle Eastern art motifs in decorating fine ceramics in England. It was clarified that orientalism as a special artistic direction in Europe became widespread in the first half of the XVII – XIX centuries and found its embodiment in painting graphic, sculpture and applied art. It is determined that it is represented by a number of porcelain works of leading European manufactors of this period. It was found that the motives of the Middle East were used in the decoration of products of fine ceramics of England, in particular such artistic and industrial centers as Chelsea, Derby, Bow, Minton and Co.

It was established that the primary role in enriching the culture of formation and decoration of fine сeramics of the mentioned country with images and plots of the East played out several factors. First, imitation of Meissen porcelain, which according to the works of famous artist Jean Baptiste Vanmour. Besides, we can speak about the  influence of colonial and trade activities of the of the East India Company. It was the latter that deepened the knowledge of the British about the art of countries such as Turkey and Iran, prompted the collection of their exotic works. Porcelain Minton and partners, who appealed to the famous Iznik ceramics of the XVII century in their own works to oriental ornaments, were considered.

The subject of the article is the orientalism in the art of fine ceramics in England. The goal is to reveal the specifics of orientalism in the formation and decoration of porcelain in The Britain in the first half of the XVII – XIX centuries.

The research methodology is based on the axiological, historical and chronological, comparative historical and historical and cultural, art analysis which made it possible to provide insights into the interrelation of the art of «white gold» of the England and art of East.

Thus, abovementioned is evidenced by such series of porcelain figures of Turks in theatrical costumes, Chelsea and Derby from 1756 to 1760 were distinguished. And for examples copies of ceramics Iznik factoryMinton and partners, 1862, as well as tiles of the mentioned production for interior cladding.

Key words: orientalism, fine ceramics, porcelain, earthenware, England, Turkey, 18th –19th centuries.