Design of solution planning of exhibition in central part of city of Lviv

Abstract

Problem definition. Cultural heritage is a future’s integral part but, currently these objects are abandoned fragments of the past, there is a lack of new presentation and a fresh vision for their use. Nowadays they become classical museums’ exhibits, although capabilities diversity is one of the most important components in creating a modern lapidarium display. In Ukraine immovable landmarks while standing outdoors continue their slow deterioration. Fragments of some monuments that can be moved enrich the collections of old museums. Throughout the world the opportunity to create expositions in the streets, avenues or yards is used for filling in gaps in the town planning system. Modern demonstration of the landmarks’ fragments in the urban environment covers the routing design, its overview and the plot of information delivering.

Objectives definition. Change of museums space and exhibition presentation upgraded to a new modern level of renewal and preservation of architectural pieces.

Main body. We endeavoured to show the fundamental nature of the principles and means of displays decoration in the preservation of monuments fragments through varying objects presentation to facilitate better understanding, cognition and respect for the history by future generations. Following the conducted research to implement results in practice, we have created a 3D lapidarium project in the central part of Lviv.

We have studied the exhibition sites and exhibits, considered previous historical and field research of monuments and buildings, together with visual inspection, drawings, archival and bibliographic searches and creating lapidarium space design.

We were given 30 exhibit items to design the display. These are mainly gravestones, sculptures, medallions, mascarons and keystones. Artefacts are linked thematically, according to one style and author.

Technical condition of the building, lighting, exhibit items mounting that are compliant with standards were considered and improved. Thanks to layouts of the existing state of the researched object and data from scientific literature, we can start designing lapidarium in the first floor corridor leading to the patio, which can also serve as a display continuation.

Pre-project sketches, on-site survey and drawings were made, plans and visualization along with accompanying information design were developed. Restorating, preserving and partially reconstructing actions aimed at conservation were performed at the Department of Architectural and Artistic Heritage Restoration according to the architectural monuments preservation rules. Following field research, parts of the damaged sections on the walls and floor were revealed. We make construction drawings in accordance with ergonomic standards, and exhibit items placed along the walls will be attached to this construction. The basis of our project is a metal structure that protrudes with frames for fixing objects on pedestals. A series of spotlights on the ceiling to highlight an individual object. Additional light sources  inside the construction to serve as an accent, decorative lighting. Available archival photos, illustrating exhibit’s condition, function or location will be attached over each artefact along with the history and object description. According to the project, at the beginning of an exhibition there will be located two touch screens containing information about the objects displayed in lapidarium on the wall projections. One of our major goals was to harmoniously combine materials, different in nature such as metal, glass, plastic and stone. Thus, according to the project we will create a modern lapidarium with an accessible explanation for historical and cultural values and nature of the collection, which will be given a fresh vision and a new life.

Modern storyline in the landmarks’ fragments exposition extensively uses visualization, monuments’ samples demonstration. It includes setting the mood, psycho-shaped accents, and the harmony of interaction between exhibits owing to the unity of stylistic direction or the group of personalities, the methods of presentation. Choice of the style will help to create a community of the image-bearing system, creative techniques, to convey the atmosphere of the epoch and direction of the emotional perception fragment. Main elements of the plot are the exposition, its relationship, introduction, continuous development of the basic material, climax, denouement with epilogue. The plot can be built by combining episodes in chronological order, or by using a concentric principle, where events are connected by a cause-effect relation that is used if it is necessary to set a center and draw attention to the main objects. In the exposition design of preserved monuments are taken into account the architectural and planning features of exposition allocation for the space redevelopment, a selection of exhibits, equipment, route maps, thematic zoning, and lighting. In the route development the optimal way for group to follow is laid with the logical sequence of objects and information. Each of these route maps is used for a particular purpose, taking into account the thematic plan zoning, artistic techniques, visual perspectives, equipment placement, and size of the territory, object demonstration, explanatory records, supporting information and lighting. According to the shape and size of exposition territory the route map is chosen. One of the major aids in the creation of routing is light, so we suggest using one of the nine proposed lighting schemes, because modern lighting facilities allow the light to inspect the street exposition at any time of the day, and provides the possibility to adjust the intensity and direction of light. Correct combination of the plot, appliances and lighting in the creation of route map will allow to plan the exposition space better, in the more functional way, clearly arrange objects and more accessibly reveal the essence of exposition to the audience.

Conclusions. Thanks to this project the monuments are protected from further destruction, they are preserved and at the same me well exhibited in tourists-accessible areas. Of course, display objects filling the corridor are not something outstanding, but one can call it an initial stage in a new architectural generation development, since it eliminates the need to redevelop certain areas for museums. Moreover, it creates a possibility to use it for new and modern forms and structures. The proposed project of this problem solution is not a rule, but rather an option of opportunities and call for a new vision of creating lighter and simpler museum types. Therefore, we can state that there is a need in an architect’s part when shaping an exhibition, changing museum space and their presentation, to achieve the desired results of renewal and preservation of architectural fragments. By changing the museum area, exhibit presentation, plot and route in the exposition forming the desired results can be achieved such as renewal, preservation, landmarks’ fragment protection for a successful exhibition on favorable terrain and available for tourists. The resented technique of creating the exhibition space model in the urban environment from facilities outlined in the plot design and routing makes it possible to identify the key areas of urban planning development and concrete architectural measures to achieve this goal.

Key words: planning, presentation, architectural sight, lapidarium.

Стаття присвячена проектуванню нового покоління експозицій в урбаністичному середовищі з залишків архітектурних пам’яток. Впроваджено сучасні дизайн рішення експозиційного простору на практиці у центральній частині міста Львова. Запропоновано альтернативні варіанти гармонізації історичного середовища з новітніми технологіями та методикою проектування в галузі дизайну. Розглянуто можливості подачі об’єктів показу для кращого сприйняття відвідувачем майбутньої експозиції. Розкрито поетапність процесу створення експозиційного простору з урахуванням схем маршрутизації, сюжетної лінії інформаційного насичення та акцентного освітлення. Доведено важливість оновлення підходу до проектування за допомогою новітніх технологій для посилення рівня зацікавленості та освоєння більшої кількості інформації.

Ключові слова: дизайн, проектування, експозиція, архітектурна пам’ятка, лапідарій.